investing – Safe Retirement Income

July 25, 2016 by Tim Barton Leave a Comment

Tips for Managing an Inheritance

Take your time. This is an emotional time…not the best time to be making important financial decisions. Short of meeting any required tax or legal deadlines, don’t make hasty decisions concerning your inheritance.

Identify a team of reputable, trusted advisors (attorney, accountant, financial/insurance advisors). There are complicated tax laws and requirements related to certain inherited assets. Without accurate, reliable advice, you may find an unnecessarily large chunk of your inheritance going to pay taxes.

Park the money. Deposit any inherited money or investments in a bank or brokerage account until you’re in a position to make definitive decisions on what you want to do with your inheritance.

Understand the tax consequences of inherited assets. If your inheritance is from a spouse, there may be no estate or inheritance taxes due. Otherwise, your inheritance may be subject to federal estate tax or state inheritance tax. Income taxes are also a consideration.

Treat inherited retirement assets with care. The tax treatment of inherited retirement assets is a complex subject. Make sure the retirement plan administrator does not send you a check for the retirement plan proceeds until you have made a distribution decision. Get sound professional financial and tax advice before taking any money from an inherited retirement plan…otherwise you may find yourself liable for paying income taxes on the entire value of the retirement account.

If you received an interest in a trust, familiarize yourself with the trust document and the terms under which you receive distributions from the trust, as well as with the trustee and trust administration fees.

Take stock. Create a financial inventory of your assets and your debts. Start with a clean slate and reassess your financial needs, objectives and goals.

Develop a financial plan. Consider working with a financial advisor to “test drive” various scenarios and determine how your funds should be invested to accomplish your financial goals.

Evaluate your insurance needs. If you inherited valuable personal property, you will probably need to increase your property and casualty coverage or purchase new coverage. If your inheritance is substantial, consider increasing your liability insurance to protect against lawsuits. Finally, evaluate whether your life insurance needs have changed as a result of your inheritance.

Review your estate plan. Your inheritance, together with your experience in managing it, may lead you to make changes in your estate plan. Your experience in receiving an inheritance may prompt you to want to do a better job of how your estate is structured and administered for the benefit of your heirs.

January 12, 2016 by Tim Barton 35 Comments

Winners of $1.4 Billion Lotto: What now? How to get your money?

Once the initial euphoria wears down and you are “Snoopy Danced” out. Sorry I have no idea how long that takes. The moment will come when you have to make some decisions about how to receive your lottery winnings.

Everyone seems to assume the winner or winners, (yes brace yourself you are likely going to have share the jackpot with other winners) will take the jackpot as a lump sum. The biggest winner of all is government at all levels. Each state involved gets a cut of the ticket sales and the state or states where the jackpot winners live get to tax the jackpot. Yesterday State Senator Tim Carpenter (D) WI put out a press release about his plans for spending the estimated $65,790,000 tax windfall if a Wisconsin resident won the $1.4 billion. This windfall of state income tax pales in comparison to federal tax take at 39.6% ($343,728,000).

If the winner is a Wisconsin resident who decides to take the estimated lump sum payout $868,000,000 they would realize a net after tax payment of $458 million ($458,482,000.) This is only 33% of the $1.4 Billion. That’s right if a winner takes the jackpot in a lump sum they only get a check for 33% of the winnings. Of course that is still a life changing amount of money.

Almost all financial advisors, lawyers, accountants, bankers and other investment advisors tell the winner to take the lump sum because they will quickly make back the annuity reduction and tax bite. A client with $458 million is big in the financial and legal industry. Inside they are referred to as whales or elephants. So it’s hard for many advisors to tell this potential client to take the larger $1.4 Billion as an annuity payment over 30 years.

Annual annuity payment is about $46.7 million ($46,666,666) State and federal tax each year is $22,049,999 this nets the winner $24.6 million ($24,616,667) after taxes each year for 30 years. That is a seriously nice income payment which would leave a substantial amount to invest each year after all the celebratory spending. Best of all the winner will receive a total $738,500,000 compared to $$458 million net lump sum.

Advantages of annuity payments

Minimize taxes
Guarantees $24.6 million income for 30 years
No investment risk, all investments come with the risk of loss.
Helps prevent fraud
Spend thrift tendencies will not wipe out winnings in one year

One of the biggest arguments against an annuity is “your money is tied up.” Wrong. Not these days. There are investor groups who buy annuities. They compete against each other because an annuity income is valuable. If a winner changes their mind later and wants a lump sum for whatever reason they can sell the annuity payments to the highest bidder. In the current economic conditions this would net the winner about 15-20% more than taking the lump sum payment immediately from the Powerball lottery.

A winner has 180 days to claim the Powerball before their ticket expires. Winner has 60 days from the date of their ticket claim to chose the lump sum. Then the annuity payment is mandatory and there is no changing that from the lottery. Historically only a handful of winners take the annuity option leaving a pile of cash on the table. If many of these had waited 61 days they could have sold their annuity and had more money in their account.

How to stay anonymous:

Good luck with that. These days it’s impossible to keep secrets. Thanks to the internet and other technology society gets more and more transparent everyday. So even in the handful of states have laws to allow jackpot winners to stay anonymous they’ll be found out. Most states require winners to go public.

Changing your name to claim the prize and then changing back again will not work. All states forbid changing a name when fraud is intended. If a state requires disclosure of the winner and they change their name… Sure looks like a fraud. No reason to go there. Many states require name changes be published in the local newspapers for a period of time. Where are newspapers published these days? Online.

No hope of anonymity so it’s best to make plans to deal with your rock stardom should fate see fit to pick you. And that will be the topic of a future post.

March 25, 2015 by Tim Barton Leave a Comment

Remember Retirement When You Change Jobs

WHEN YOU CHANGE JOBS

You May Have an Important Decision to Make…

What to do with your money in an employer-sponsored retirement plan, such as a 401(k) plan. Since these funds were originally intended to help provide financial security during retirement, you need to carefully evaluate which of the following options will best ensure that these assets remain available to contribute to a financially-secure retirement.

Take the Funds:

You can withdraw the funds in a lump sum and do what you please with them. This is, however, rarely a good idea unless you need the funds for an emergency. Consider:

A mandatory 20% federal income tax withholding will be subtracted from the lump sum you receive.
You may have to pay additional federal (and possibly state) income tax on the lump sum distribution, depending on your tax bracket (and the distribution may put you in a higher bracket).
Unless one of the exceptions is met, you may also have to pay a 10% premature distribution tax in addition to regular income tax.
The funds will no longer benefit from the tax-deferred growth of a qualified retirement plan.

Leave the Funds:

You can leave the funds in your previous employer’s retirement plan, where they will continue to grow on a tax-deferred basis. If you’re satisfied with the investment performance/options available, this may be a good alternative. Leaving the funds temporarily while you explore the various options open to you may also be a good alternative. (Note: If your vested balance in the retirement plan is $5,000 or less, you may be required to take a lump-sum distribution.)

Roll the Funds Over:

You can take the funds from the plan and roll them over, either to your new employer’s retirement plan (assuming the plan accepts rollovers) or to a traditional IRA, where you have more control over investment decisions. This approach offers the advantages of preserving the funds for use in retirement, while enabling them to continue to grow on a tax-deferred basis.

Why Taking a Lump-Sum Distribution May Be a Bad Idea:

While a lump-sum distribution can be tempting, it can also cost you thousands of dollars in taxes, penalties and lost growth opportunities…money that will not be available for future use in retirement.

February 19, 2015 by Tim Barton Leave a Comment

The 3 Sources of Retirement Income

What Are the Available Sources of Retirement Income?

When you retire and your earning power ceases, you will have to depend on three primary sources for your retirement income:

Social Security

According to the Social Security Administration, the average retired worker in 2015 receives an estimated $1,328 monthly benefit, about 40% of average preretirement income. As pre-retirement income increases, however, the percentage replaced by Social Security declines.

Employer Sponsored Plans and IRAs

You may be eligible to participate in a retirement plan established by your employer and receive pension income at your retirement. You may also be able to contribute to an individual retirement account (IRA) to supplement Social Security and pension benefits.

Home Ownership and Personal Retirement

For many people, there is a gap between the retirement income they can expect from Social Security and employer-sponsored plans/IRAs and their retirement income objectives. Home equity can be used to bolster retirement security.
Personal retirement savings, including bank and brokerage accounts and insurance and annuity contracts, can be used to bridge a retirement income gap.

If sufficient retirement income is not available, will you defer your retirement age, or will you choose to reduce your standard of living?

August 14, 2014 by Tim Barton Leave a Comment

What is the Marital Deduction?

What Is the Marital Deduction?

The marital deduction (I.R.C. Sections 2056 and 2523) eliminates both the federal estate and gift tax on transfers of property between spouses, in effect treating them as one economic unit. The amount of property that can be transferred between them is unlimited, meaning that a spouse can transfer all of his or her property to the other spouse, during lifetime or at death, and completely escape any federal estate or gift tax on this first transfer. However, property transferred in excess of the unified credit equivalent will ultimately be subject to estate tax in the estate of the surviving spouse.

The 2010 Tax Relief Act, however, provided for “portability” of the maximum estate tax unified credit between spouses if death occurred in 2011 or 2012. The American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 subsequently made the portability provision permanent. This means that a surviving spouse can elect to take advantage of any unused portion of the estate tax unified credit of a deceased spouse (the equivalent of $5,000,000 as adjusted for inflation; $5,340,000 in 2014). As a result, with this election and careful estate planning, married couples can effectively shield up to at least $10 million (as adjusted for inflation) from the federal estate and gift tax without use of marital deduction planning techniques. Property transferred to the surviving spouse in excess of the combined unified credit equivalent will be subject to estate tax in the estate of the surviving spouse.

If the surviving spouse is predeceased by more than one spouse, the additional exclusion amount available for use by the surviving spouse is equal to the lesser of $5 million ($5,340,000 in 2014 as adjusted for inflation) or the unused exclusion of the last deceased spouse.

What Requirements Apply to the Marital Deduction?

To qualify for the marital deduction, the decedent must have been married and either a citizen or resident of theU.S. at the time of death. In addition, the property interest (1) must be included in the decedent’s gross estate, (2) must pass from the decedent to his or her surviving spouse and (3) cannot represent a terminable interest (property ownership that ends upon a specified event or after a predetermined period of time).

February 4, 2014 by Tim Barton Leave a Comment

What Happens at an IRA Owner’s Death?

The following is an overview of the options available to an IRA beneficiary. Depending on the type of IRA, whether or not the IRA beneficiary is the spouse of the deceased IRA owner and the IRA beneficiary’s needs and objectives, different options may be appropriate.

In order to avoid unforeseen and/or negative tax consequences, an IRA beneficiary should seek professional tax advice before selecting an option.

Inherited Traditional IRA Options:

The options available to an individual who inherits a traditional IRA include the following:

Immediate Lump-Sum Distribution: Surrender the inherited IRA and receive the entire value in a lump sum. The taxable value of the IRA is then included in the beneficiary’s income in the year of surrender.
Distributions Over Five Years: If the IRA owner was under age 70-1/2 at death, the beneficiary can take any amounts from the inherited IRA, so long as all of the funds are distributed by December 31 of the year containing the fifth anniversary of the original IRA owner’s death. This option is not available if the IRA owner was over age 70-1/2 at death.
Life Expectancy: The IRA assets are transferred to an inherited IRA in the beneficiary’s name, where the date by which required minimum distributions must begin depends on whether or not the beneficiary is the surviving spouse and by the IRA owner’s age at the time of death.
Spousal Transfer: Under this option available only to surviving spouses who are the sole IRA beneficiary, the spouse beneficiary treats the inherited IRA as his/her own and the IRA assets continue to grow tax-deferred. IRA distribution rules are then based on the spouse’s age, meaning that distributions may not be available prior to the spouse’s age 59-1/2 without paying a penalty tax and required minimum distributions must begin by the spouse’s age 70-1/2.

For spouse beneficiaries:

If the deceased spouse was younger than age 70-1/2 at the time of death, the surviving spouse may delay required minimum distributions until the year in which the deceased spouse would have reached age 70-1/2.
If the deceased spouse was older than age 70-1/2 at the time of death, the surviving spouse must begin taking required minimum distributions by December 31 of the year following the spouse’s death.

For non-spouse beneficiaries:

Required minimum distributions from the inherited IRA can be spread over the non-spouse beneficiary’s life expectancy, with the first payment required to begin no later than December 31 of the year following the year of the IRA owner’s death.

Inherited Roth IRA Options:

The options available to an individual who inherits a Roth IRA include the following:

Immediate Lump-Sum Distribution: Surrender the inherited Roth IRA and receive the entire value in a lump sum. The earnings, however, may be taxable if the Roth IRA is not at least five years old.
Distributions Over Five Years: The beneficiary can take any amounts from the inherited Roth IRA, so long as all of the funds are distributed by December 31 of the year containing the fifth anniversary of the original Roth IRA owner’s death. Any earnings distributed before the Roth IRA is at least five years old, however, may be taxable. Since all amounts other than earnings can first be withdrawn tax free, it may be possible to minimize or eliminate any taxation on earnings by withdrawing them last.
Life Expectancy: The IRA assets are transferred to an inherited IRA in the beneficiary’s name. For non-spouse beneficiaries, required minimum distributions based on the beneficiary’s life expectancy must begin no later than December 31 of the year following the year of the deceased Roth IRA owner’s death. For a spouse who is the sole IRA beneficiary, required minimum distributions may be postponed until the year in which the deceased Roth IRA owner would have reached age 70-1/2. Since contributions are considered to be withdrawn first, it’s unlikely that any taxable distribution of earnings will take place if the Roth IRA hasn’t been in existence for five years.
Spousal Transfer: Under this option available only to surviving spouses who are the sole Roth IRA beneficiary, the spouse beneficiary treats the Roth IRA as his/her own. Roth IRA distribution rules are then based on the spouse’s age, meaning that distributions of earnings may not be available prior to the spouse’s age 59-1/2 without tax or penalty. Since Roth IRAs have no required beginning date and no required minimum distributions, the spouse can leave the money in the Roth IRA as long as he/she wants.